Kodi Mining ya cryptocurrency ndi chiyani?

Mawu Oyamba

Mining ndi njira yowonjezerera zolemba zamalonda ku Bitcoin public ledger ya zochitika zakale. Kalata iyi ya zochitika zakale imatchedwablockchainmonga ndi unyolo wamidadada. Theblockchainamatumikira kutsimikiziranizotengera ku netiweki yonse monga zachitika. Ma Bitcoin node amagwiritsa ntchito block chain kusiyanitsa zovomerezeka za Bitcoin ndi kuyesa kugwiritsanso ntchito ndalama zomwe zidagwiritsidwa kale ntchito kwina.

Migodi idapangidwa mwadala kuti ikhale yogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso yovuta kuti chiwerengero cha midadada chomwe anthu amapeza tsiku lililonse chikhalebe chokhazikika. Zolemba zapayekha ziyenera kukhala ndi umboni wa ntchito kuti ziwoneke ngati zovomerezeka. Umboni wa ntchitoyi umatsimikiziridwa ndi ma node ena a Bitcoin nthawi iliyonse akalandira chipika. Bitcoin amagwiritsa ntchitohashcashumboni wa ntchito.

Cholinga chachikulu cha migodi ndikulola kuti ma Bitcoin node afikire mgwirizano wotetezeka, wosasunthika. Migodi ndiyonso njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa ma Bitcoins mu dongosolo: Ogwira ntchito m'migodi amalipidwa ndalama zilizonse zogulira komanso "subsidy" ya ndalama zomwe zangopangidwa kumene. Izi zonse zimagwira ntchito yofalitsa ndalama zatsopano m'njira yovomerezeka komanso kulimbikitsa anthu kuti apereke chitetezo chadongosolo.

Migodi ya Bitcoin imatchedwa chifukwa ikufanana ndi migodi ya zinthu zina: imafuna khama ndipo imapangitsa kuti magawo atsopano apezeke kwa aliyense amene akufuna kutenga nawo mbali. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti kupereka sikudalira kuchuluka kwa migodi. Nthawi zambiri kusintha kuchuluka kwa miner hashpower sikusintha kuchuluka kwa ma bitcoins amapangidwa pakapita nthawi.

Zovuta

The Computationally-Zovuta Vuto

Kukumba chipika kumakhala kovuta chifukwa SHA-256 hash ya mutu wa block iyenera kukhala yotsika kapena yofanana ndi chandamale kuti chipikacho chivomerezedwe ndi netiweki. Vutoli litha kukhala losavuta kuti lifotokozere: Hashi ya block iyenera kuyamba ndi ziro zingapo. Kuthekera kowerengera hashi komwe kumayamba ndi ziro zambiri ndikotsika kwambiri, chifukwa chake kuyesayesa kochulukirapo kuyenera kupangidwa. Kuti mupange hashi yatsopano kuzungulira kulikonse, anonseakuwonjezeka. MwaonaUmboni wa ntchitokuti mudziwe zambiri.

The Difficulty Metric

Thezovutandiye muyeso wa momwe zimavutira kupeza chipika chatsopano poyerekeza ndi chosavuta chomwe chingakhale. Imawerengedwanso midadada iliyonse ya 2016 kuti ikhale yamtengo wapatali kotero kuti midadada ya 2016 yapitayo ikadapangidwa m'masabata awiri ndendende aliyense akadakhala akukumba pavutoli. Izi zipereka, pafupifupi, chipika chimodzi mphindi khumi zilizonse. Pamene ochita migodi ambiri alowa nawo, kuchuluka kwa block block kumawonjezeka. Pamene chiwerengero cha block block chikuwonjezeka, zovuta zimakwera kuti zibwezere, zomwe zimakhala ndi kulinganiza kwa zotsatira chifukwa cha kuchepetsa mlingo wa block-creation. midadada iliyonse yotulutsidwa ndi ochita migodi oyipa omwe samakwaniritsa zofunikirachandamale chovutazidzangokanidwa ndi ena omwe ali nawo pa intaneti.

Mphotho

Chotchinga chikapezeka, wopezayo atha kudzipatsa ma bitcoins angapo, omwe amavomerezedwa ndi aliyense pa intaneti. Panopa mwayi uwu ndi 6.25 bitcoins; mtengo uwu udzachepetsa midadada iliyonse 210,000. MwaonaKupereka Ndalama Zoyendetsedwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, wogwira ntchito m'migodi amapatsidwa ndalama zomwe amalipira ndi ogwiritsa ntchito kutumiza. Malipiro ndi chilimbikitso kwa wogwira ntchito ku mgodi kuti aphatikizepo malondawo mu block yawo. M'tsogolomu, monga chiwerengero cha anthu ogwira ntchito m'migodi atsopano amaloledwa kupanga mu chipika chilichonse chikuchepa, ndalamazo zidzapanga gawo lofunika kwambiri la ndalama zamigodi.

Ecosystem ya migodi

Zida zamagetsi

Ogwiritsa agwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida pakapita nthawi kuti ambe midadada. Mafotokozedwe a Hardware ndi ziwerengero zamachitidwe zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane paKuyerekeza kwa Mining Hardwaretsamba.

CPU Mining

Mabaibulo oyambirira a Bitcoin kasitomala amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito ma CPU awo mgodi. Kubwera kwa migodi ya GPU kudapangitsa kuti migodi ya CPU ikhale yopanda nzeru popeza kuchuluka kwa maukonde kudakula mpaka kuchuluka kwa bitcoins opangidwa ndi migodi ya CPU kudatsika kuposa mtengo wamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito CPU. Chosankhacho chinachotsedwa pamawonekedwe a kasitomala a Bitcoin.

GPU Mining

GPU Mining ndiyothamanga kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri kuposa migodi ya CPU. Onani nkhani yayikulu:Chifukwa chiyani migodi ya GPU imathamanga mwachangu kuposa CPU. Zotchuka zosiyanasiyanazida zamigodizalembedwa.

FPGA Mining

Kukumba kwa FPGA ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yachangu yopangira mgodi, yofanana ndi migodi ya GPU komanso migodi yopambana kwambiri ya CPU. Ma FPGA nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kwambiri zokhala ndi ma hashi okwera kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima komanso zogwira mtima kuposa migodi ya GPU. MwaonaKuyerekeza kwa Mining Hardwarekwa FPGA hardware specifications ndi ziwerengero.

ASIC Mining

Dongosolo lophatikizika la ntchito, kapenaMtengo wa ASIC, ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kopangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi cholinga chenicheni. Ma ASIC opangidwira migodi ya Bitcoin adatulutsidwa koyamba mu 2013. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe amadya, amathamanga kwambiri kuposa matekinoloje onse am'mbuyomu ndipo apanga kale migodi ya GPU kukhala yopanda nzeru m'maiko ena ndi makhazikitsidwe.

Ntchito zamigodi

Opanga migodikupereka ntchito zamigodi ndi ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi mgwirizano. Akhoza, mwachitsanzo, kubwereka mlingo wina wa mphamvu zamigodi pamtengo woikidwiratu kwa nthawi inayake.

Maiwe

Pamene ochulukirachulukira akupikisana kuti apeze midadada yocheperako, anthu adapeza kuti akugwira ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo osapeza chipika ndikulandila mphotho chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yamigodi. Izi zinapangitsa migodi kukhala chinthu chanjuga. Pofuna kuthana ndi kusiyana kwa ndalama zomwe amapeza ogwira ntchito m'migodi anayamba kukonzekeramaiwekuti athe kugawana mphotho molingana. Onani Pooled migodi ndiKuyerekeza kwa maiwe a migodi.

Mbiri

Buku la Bitcoin public ledger ('block chain') linayambika pa Januware 3, 2009 nthawi ya 18:15 UTC mwina ndi Satoshi Nakamoto. Chida choyamba chimadziwika kutigenesis block.Chinthu choyamba cholembedwa mu chipika choyamba chinali ntchito imodzi yokha yopereka mphotho ya ma bitcoins atsopano 50 kwa mlengi wake.